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地域感知

最近更新时间：2024-03-25 10:10:53

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操作场景

业务规模增长，为提高网站可用性，电商网站业务团队计划在另一可用区的集群也部署一套网站业务，两套相同的网站业务在两个不同集群同时为用户提供服务。地域感知如下图所示：
地域感知
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操作步骤

两套网站业务在正常运行的情况下，ingress gateway 会优先将流量路由至本地域或可用区的 frontend 服务，即使另一集群中也有 frontend 服务，frontend 服务会优先就近访问相同可用区 user，product，order，cart 服务；order 和 cart 服务也会优先就近访问相同可用区的 stock 服务。
在 Kubernetes 中，Pod 的地域是通过在已部署的节点上的 Region 和 Zone 的标签决定的，Demo 应用 yaml 中已为工作负载设置了相应的 Zone 标签，首先将网站全套服务也部署至另一可用区的集群（子集群）：
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: base
  labels:
    istio.io/rev: 1-6-9
spec:
  finalizers:
    - kubernetes
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: frontend
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: frontend
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: frontend
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: frontend
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: frontend
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/chloeyhuang/demo:v202007101540
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80
---
?
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: frontend
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: frontend
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 80
      name: http
  selector:
    app: frontend
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: product-v1
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: product
    version: v1
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: product
      version: v1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: product
        version: v1
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: product
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/testproduct1:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: product-v2
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: product
    version: v2
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: product
      version: v2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: product
        version: v2
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: product
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/testproduct2:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
---
?
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: product
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: product
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 7000
      name: http
  selector:
    app: product
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: user
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: user
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: user
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: user
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: user
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/testuser:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
---
?
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: user
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: user
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 7000
      name: http
  selector:
    app: user
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: stock
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: stock
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: stock
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: stock
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: stock
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/teststock:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
---
?
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: stock
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: stock
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 7000
      name: http
  selector:
    app: stock
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: cart
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: cart
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: cart
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: cart
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: cart
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/testcart:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
              protocol: TCP
---
?
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: cart
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: cart
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 7000
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: cart
  type: ClusterIP
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: order-v1
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: order
    version: v1
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: order
      version: v1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: order
        version: v1
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: order
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/testorder1:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
              protocol: TCP
---
?
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: order-v2
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: order
    version: v2
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: order
      version: v2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: order
        version: v2
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: order
          image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/zhulei/testorder2:v1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: REGION
              value: "guangzhou-zoneB"
          ports:
            - containerPort: 7000
              protocol: TCP
---
?
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: order
  namespace: base
  labels:
    app: order
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 7000
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: order
  type: ClusterIP
部署配置完成后，未配置健康检查时，地域感知不生效，两个可用区的某一服务调用另外的服务是随机访问，不会按照就近访问的原则。 order 服务调用不同可用区的 stock 服务如下图所示：
order 服务调用不同可用区的 stock 服务
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要开启服务访问的地域感知，需要配置所有服务的健康检查功能，通过将以下 yaml 文件提交至主集群实现：
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: cart
  namespace: base
spec:
  host: cart
  trafficPolicy:
    loadBalancer:
      consistentHash:
        httpHeaderName: UserID
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 5
      interval: 10000ms
      baseEjectionTime: 30000ms
      maxEjectionPercent: 10
      minHealthPercent: 50
  exportTo:
    - '*'
?
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: frontend
  namespace: base
spec:
  host: frontend
  trafficPolicy:
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 5
      interval: 10000ms
      baseEjectionTime: 30000ms
      maxEjectionPercent: 10
      minHealthPercent: 50
  exportTo:
    - '*'
?
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: order
  namespace: base
spec:
  host: order
  trafficPolicy:
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 5
      interval: 10000ms
      baseEjectionTime: 30000ms
      maxEjectionPercent: 10
      minHealthPercent: 50
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
    - name: v2
      labels:
        version: v2
  exportTo:
    - '*'
?
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: product
  namespace: base
spec:
  host: product
  trafficPolicy:
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 5
      interval: 10000ms
      baseEjectionTime: 30000ms
      maxEjectionPercent: 10
      minHealthPercent: 50
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
    - name: v2
      labels:
        version: v2
?
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: stock
  namespace: base
spec:
  host: stock
  trafficPolicy:
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 5
      interval: 10000ms
      baseEjectionTime: 30000ms
      maxEjectionPercent: 10
      minHealthPercent: 50
  exportTo:
    - '*'
?
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: user
  namespace: base
spec:
  host: user
  trafficPolicy:
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 5
      interval: 10000ms
      baseEjectionTime: 30000ms
      maxEjectionPercent: 10
      minHealthPercent: 50
  exportTo:
    - '*'
健康检查配置完成后，由可用区 A 集群的边缘代理网关访问网站服务，浏览商品页面，添加购物车，下单等操作，可用区 A 的边缘代理网关会将流量路由至相同可用区的前端 frontend 服务，前端服务也会地域感知就近调用同一可用区的 user、cart、order、stock 服务；通过可用区 B 的边缘代理网关访问网站业务，请求路由至可用区 B 的前端服务，可用区 B 服务也会就近调用相同可用区的服务。通过 Demo 页面左下角悬浮窗可以查看当前调用服务的可用区信息。地域感知如下图所示：
地域感知
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